India-Pakistan Crisis 2025: Rising Tensions After Kashmir Attack

Introduction

In April 2025, a deadly terrorist attack in Pahalgam, Indian-administered Kashmir, claimed the lives of 26 tourists, predominantly Hindus. India accused Pakistan-based militants of orchestrating the attack, leading to a significant escalation in tensions between the two nuclear-armed neighbors. This article delves into the unfolding crisis, its implications, and the historical context of India-Pakistan relations.(AP News)

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The Pahalgam Attack and Immediate Fallout

On April 22, 2025, militants opened fire on tourists in Pahalgam, resulting in 26 fatalities. India attributed the attack to Pakistan-backed groups, a claim Pakistan vehemently denied, calling for an impartial international investigation. In response, India suspended the Indus Waters Treaty, expelled Pakistani diplomats, and imposed a ban on imports from Pakistan. Pakistan retaliated by closing its airspace to Indian flights, halting bilateral trade, and expelling Indian diplomats. (AP News, news, Reuters)

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Military Posturing and Missile Tests

Amid the escalating tensions, Pakistan conducted a test of its Abdali surface-to-surface ballistic missile on May 3, 2025. The missile, with a range of 450 kilometers, was tested to validate its technical parameters. Pakistan's leadership lauded the test, emphasizing their preparedness to respond to any aggression. (AP News)

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Civilians on Edge Along the Line of Control

Residents on both sides of the Line of Control (LoC) are bracing for potential conflict. In Indian-administered Kashmir, villagers express fear over limited shelters and the looming threat of violence. On the Pakistani side, communities are reinforcing bunkers and stocking supplies in anticipation of possible evacuation. (Reuters)

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International Reactions and Diplomatic Efforts

The international community, including the United States, has urged both nations to de-escalate tensions. Pakistan has reached out to Gulf countries, seeking their intervention to defuse the situation. Meanwhile, experts warn that the lack of crisis management mechanisms between India and Pakistan could lead to unintended escalation. (Reuters, AP News, Al Jazeera)

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Historical Context of India-Pakistan Conflicts

India and Pakistan have a long history of conflict, primarily over the disputed region of Kashmir. Since their partition in 1947, the two countries have fought multiple wars and engaged in numerous military standoffs. The current crisis is reminiscent of past escalations, underscoring the fragile nature of their bilateral relations. (AP News)

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Conclusion

The 2025 India-Pakistan crisis highlights the persistent volatility in South Asia. The recent events underscore the urgent need for robust diplomatic channels and conflict resolution mechanisms to prevent further escalation and ensure regional stability.